How to Become a Pilot After 12th in India?
- Shriyansh Talekar
- Mar 13
- 13 min read
Updated: Oct 17
Introduction
Flying airplanes has always been a dream for many people. After all, who doesn't want to soar through the skies and explore the world from a bird's eye view? If you're one of those people who wants to become a pilot, then you're in luck, because there are many different ways to achieve your dream.
In this blog post, we will discuss how to become pilot after 12th grade in India. We will cover the following topics:
Understanding the Pilot Career Path in India
There are mainly two ways to become a pilot in India after 12th:
Commercial Pilot (Civil Aviation) – Fly for airlines like Indigo, Air India, or Vistara.
Air Force Pilot (Defence Aviation) – Fly fighter or transport aircraft for the Indian Air Force through NDA or AFCAT.
Let’s dive deeper into the civil aviation route, which most students pursue after 12th.
Types of Pilot License in India
There are many different types of pilots, including:
Commercial pilots: Commercial pilots fly passenger and cargo airplanes for airlines and other commercial carriers.
Private pilots: Private pilots fly airplanes for personal use, such as for transportation or recreation.
Military pilots: Military pilots fly airplanes for the armed forces.
Corporate pilots: Corporate pilots fly airplanes for corporations and businesses.
Flight instructors: Flight instructors teach others how to fly airplanes.
Eligibility Requirements To Become A Pilot in India
To start your pilot training in India, you must meet DGCA (Directorate General of Civil Aviation) requirements:
Eligibility Factor | Requirements |
Educational Qualification | 10+2 with Physics and Mathematics (from a recognized board) |
Minimum Age | 17 years for Student Pilot License (SPL) |
Medical Fitness | Class I and Class II DGCA Medical Fitness Certificate |
Citizenship | Indian or foreign national (with valid student visa) |
👉🏻 Tip : If you didn’t have Physics or Math in 12th, you can complete these subjects through NIOS (National Institute of Open Schooling).
DGCA Medical Requirements (Class I & Class II)
Before enrolling in a flying school, you must pass DGCA-approved medical examinations.
Class II Medical
Conducted by DGCA empanelled doctors.
Tests eyesight, hearing, heart rate, blood pressure, etc.
Once cleared, you’ll receive a Class II Medical Assessment.
Class I Medical
Conducted at DGCA-approved centres like AFCME (Delhi), IAM (Bengaluru), etc.
Mandatory before starting Commercial Pilot License (CPL) training.
Validity: 1 year, must be renewed periodically.
📍Pro Tip: Always complete your Class II medical as early as possible — delays in medical clearance can slow down your training process.
Physical Eligibility Requirements To Become A Pilot For Males & Females
Requirement | Male | Female |
Minimum Height | 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm) | 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm) |
Body Mass Index (BMI) | 18.5 - 25 | 18.5 - 25 |
Visual Acuity | 6/6 vision in each eye without correction | 6/6 vision in each eye without correction |
Color Vision | Normal color vision | Normal color vision |
Hearing | Good hearing, with no more than 20 decibels of hearing loss in each ear | Good hearing, with no more than 20 decibels of hearing loss in each ear |
General Fitness | Good physical health and fitness, free from any major medical conditions that could impair the ability to fly safely | Good physical health and fitness, free from any major medical conditions that could impair the ability to fly safely |
Obtaining Pilot License in India
1. Private pilot license (PPL).
This is the first license allows you to fly single-engine airplanes for personal or recreational purposes.
2. Commercial pilot license (CPL).
This license allows you to fly single-engine and multi-engine airplanes for hire. To obtain a CPL, you must have a 200 hours of flight time.
3. Multi-engine instrument rating (MEIR).
This rating allows you to fly multi-engine airplanes in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). To obtain an MEIR, you must have a CPL and 15 hours of actual aircraft and 10 hours of multi-engine flight time.
Step-by-Step Process to Become a Pilot After 12th in India
Here’s your career roadmap to becoming a licensed pilot in India :
Step 1: Obtain Your DGCA “Computer Number” / Student ID
What is it?
The DGCA issues a unique “Computer Number” (also called Student ID) to every aspiring pilot. This ID is used to register for ground exams, log flying hours and for official communications with DGCA.
How to get it:
Visit the DGCA’s e-GCA portal, fill in personal details (birth certificate, education proofs, ID proofs), submit photographs and pay the nominal registration fee. Once approved, you receive your Computer Number.
Why it matters:
Without this number, you cannot be registered for DGCA theory exams or have your flight hours officially recognized.
Step 2: Get Your Class II Medical Fitness Certificate
Purpose & use:
Needed before you begin any flight training (e.g., student pilot licensing). It confirms that you are medically fit to start flying (vision, hearing, cardiovascular, general health etc.).
Where it is done:
At DGCA-empanelled medical examiners across India.
Validity & renewal:
This certificate has a validity period (varies by age group). You may need to renew it depending on DGCA rules.
Precaution:
If you fail, you may be asked for further tests or referred to specialist doctors. Best to clear health checks early.
Step 3: Enroll in a DGCA-Approved Flying School (Flight Training Organisation)
Why DGCA approval matters:
Only flying hours logged at a DGCA-approved FTO (Flying Training Organisation) will be recognized for your CPL.
What to verify:
The school’s DGCA approval certificate
Fleet strength, number of instructors, simulators
Safety record and student reviews
Orientation & ground induction:
After joining, you’ll go through orientation, processes, rules, and ground class schedule.
Step 4: Ground School / Theory Training
Subjects covered:
Air Regulations
Air Navigation
Meteorology
Technical (General + Specific)
Instruments
Aircraft Systems
Mode & duration:
Can be classroom (in-person) or blended (online + offline). Typically 3 to 6 months depending on intensity.
Interim exams / tests:
Frequent internal assessments to prepare you for DGCA theory exams.
DGCA theory exams:
You’ll register for DGCA-conducted exams in each subject on your Computer Number ID.
Step 5: Begin Flight Training & Log Flying Hours
Minimum hours requirement:
For CPL, you’ll need ~200 hours of total flight time (this includes dual instruction, solo flying, cross-country, night, instrument flying).
Breakdown of flying types (indicative):
Dual instruction with instructor
Solo flying (Pilot in Command)
Cross-country navigation
Night flying
Instrument flying / simulator
Progress & check flights:
At intervals, DGCA examiners will do flight checks to validate your performance and signatures in your logbook.
Delays / buffer time:
Expect delays due to maintenance, weather, examiner availability, etc. Training may stretch beyond planned timelines.
Step 6: Complete DGCA Theory + Skill Tests & Apply for CPL
Final theory clearance:
Once you pass all DGCA subject exams, you become eligible for the skill test.
Skill Test / Check Ride:
A DGCA-appointed examiner assesses your flying in real conditions — maneuvers, navigation, emergency handling etc.
Submit application to DGCA:
With logbook, test reports, medical, documents.
CPL issuance:
After verification, DGCA grants your Commercial Pilot License (CPL).
Step 7: Obtain Additional Ratings / Endorsements
Instrument Rating (IR):
Lets you fly under instrument flight rules (low visibility). Required for commercial operations in many cases.
Multi-Engine Rating (MER):
If you want to fly multi-engine aircraft.
Type Rating:
Once you join an airline, you will train on a specific aircraft type (e.g. Airbus A320). This includes simulator sessions, ground training, and test.
Ongoing renewals / currency:
Ratings need periodic renewals and may require minimum recent flying activity.
Step 8: Start Your Pilot Career & Climb the Ladder
First roles:
First Officer / Co-pilot in regional airline
Flight Instructor (to build hours)
Corporate or Charter flying
Experience accumulation:
Accumulate required hours (often 1,500 hours) to be eligible for ATPL / Captain roles.
Upgrade to ATPL:
The Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL) allows command of major commercial aircrafts. Requires high hours + advanced exams.
Advantages of becoming a Pilot?
There are many reasons why people choose to become pilots. Some people are drawn to the excitement and challenge of flying. Others enjoy the freedom and flexibility of the job. Still others are motivated by the opportunity to travel and see the world.
Here are some of the benefits of becoming a pilot:
Exciting and rewarding career: Flying airplanes is a challenging and rewarding career. Pilots have the opportunity to travel the world, meet new people, and experience unique situations.
Good salary and benefits: Pilots typically earn a good salary and benefits package. Airlines and other commercial carriers offer competitive salaries, as well as benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid vacation time.
High demand for pilots: The demand for pilots is expected to grow in the coming years. This is due to the increasing number of people flying and the retirement of many experienced pilots.
Tips for Becoming a Pilot in India after 12th
Start planning early. The earlier you start planning, the more time you'll have to save money and research flight schools.
Get involved in the aviation community. There are many ways to do this, such as joining an aviation club or volunteering at a local airport.
Talk to other pilots. They can give you valuable advice and insights into the career.
Be persistent. Becoming a pilot takes time and dedication. Don't give up on your dream.
How to become a Pilot in the Indian Air force?
Candidates who don’t want to fly for commercial sectors, can simply join the governmental flying sector of Indian Air Force. There are several pathways to become a pilot in the Indian Air Force, each with its own eligibility and selection process.
To become a Pilot in the Indian Air Force, candidates must qualify certain entrance exams -
1. National Defence Academy (NDA) Exam
Eligibility: Unmarried male and female candidates aged 16.5 - 19.5 years.
Qualification: Class 12th from a recognized board with Physics and Mathematics.
Selection Process:
Written exam conducted by UPSC twice a year.
Physical and medical tests.
Interview.
Training:
3 years at the National Defence Academy (NDA) in Khadakwasla.
Specialized flying training at IAF academies.
Graduates receive a B.Tech. degree and are commissioned as Permanent Commission Officers (PCO).
2. Combined Defence Services (CDS) Exam
Eligibility: Graduates in any discipline aged 20-24 years.
Qualification: Bachelor's degree from a recognized university.
Selection Process:
Written exam conducted by UPSC twice a year.
Physical and medical tests.
Interview.
Training:
Similar to NDA, with training at the Air Force Academy followed by specialized flying training.
Graduates are commissioned as PCOs.
3. Air Force Common Admission Test (AFCAT)
Eligibility:
Male and female graduates aged 20-24 years.
Age limit relaxed up to 26 years for candidates with a valid DGCA Commercial Pilot License (CPL).
Qualification: Bachelor's degree from a recognized university.
Selection Process:
Written exam conducted by IAF twice a year.
Physical and medical tests.
Interview.
Training:
Similar to NDA/CDS, with training at the Air Force Academy followed by specialized flying training.
Graduates are commissioned for the Short Service Commission (SSC) for 14 years, with no extension.
4. NCC Special Entry
Eligibility:
Male candidates with Air Wing Senior Division 'C' Certificate of the National Cadet Corps (NCC).
Short Service Commission (SSC) entry for both male and female candidates.
Selection Process:
Online application through the NCC website.
Physical and medical tests.
Interview.
Training:
Similar to other entries, with training at the Air Force Academy followed by specialized flying training.
Male candidates receive PCO, while male and female candidates receive SSC for 14 years.
In addition to passing the above mentioned examinations, candidates will be evaluated based on medical standards such as height, weight, vision, and other health criteria. For more detailed information and application procedures, visit the official websites of the UPSC and IAF:
UPSC: https://upsc.gov.in/
How To Become A Pilot In The Indian Air Force After 12th?
The primary path to becoming a pilot in the Indian Air Force after 12th grade is through the National Defence Academy (NDA) Exam.
Eligibility:
Unmarried male and female candidates aged 16.5 - 19.5 years.
Qualification: Class 12th from a recognized board with Physics and Mathematics.
Selection Process:
1. Written Exam: Conducted by UPSC twice a year.
Paper 1: Mathematics
Paper 2: General Ability Test (GAT)
2. Physical and Medical Tests:
Physical fitness tests (running, push-ups, sit-ups, etc.)
Medical examination to assess physical and mental fitness for flying.
3. Interview: Assess personality, leadership qualities, and motivation.
Training:
Selected candidates join the National Defence Academy (NDA) in Khadakwasla for 3 years.
Training includes rigorous physical and academic disciplines, military training, and leadership development.
Graduates receive a B.Tech. degree and are commissioned as Permanent Commission Officers (PCO).
After initial officer training, they undergo specialized flying training at IAF academies to become pilots.
Remember:
The NDA exam is highly competitive, requiring thorough preparation in mathematics and general knowledge.
Physical fitness and mental toughness are crucial for success in the selection process and training.
Top DGCA-Approved Flying Schools in India (2025)
Maverick Aviation is one of the leading pilot training schools in India that is approved by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA). Known for its state-of-the-art facilities, experienced instructors, and comprehensive training programs, Maverick Aviation offers courses for both private and commercial pilot licenses. With a focus on quality education and practical flight experience, it has become a preferred choice for aspiring pilots in Mumbai, India.
Other top DGCA-approved flying schools include:
Capt. Sahil Khurana Aviation Academy (CSKAA)
Indira Gandhi Institute of Aeronautics (IGIA)
Indira Gandhi Institute of Aeronautics (IGIA)
Capt. Sahil Khurana Aviation Academy
Cost Breakdown to Become a Pilot in India (2025)
Expense Type | Estimated Cost |
Ground School | ₹3–5 Lakhs |
Flying Training (200 hours) | ₹40–50 Lakhs |
DGCA Exams + Conversion | ₹1–2 Lakhs |
Type Rating (Optional) | ₹10–15 Lakhs |
Total Estimated Cost | ₹45–70 Lakhs |
💡 Tip: Maverick Aviation flying school provides modular or installment-based payment plans to ease financial load.
Job Opportunities After Pilot Training In India
Once you earn your CPL, here’s what your career options look like:
Role | Description | Average Salary |
Airline First Officer | Co-pilot in commercial flights | ₹1.5–3 Lakhs/month |
Flight Instructor | Train new pilots | ₹1–2 Lakhs/month |
Cargo/Charter Pilot | Fly non-passenger flights | ₹2–4 Lakhs/month |
Corporate Pilot | Fly business jets | ₹2–5 Lakhs/month |
➡️ With experience and type rating, you can become a Captain, earning ₹6–10 Lakhs/month.
Average Pilot Salary In India
The average pilot salary in India can range from around ₹10 lakhs to ₹50 lakhs or more per year depending on experience, aircraft type, and airline.
Starting salaries are lower (around ₹1.5-2 lakhs per month) and increase with experience. Senior pilots can earn over ₹1 crore annually. Pilots flying larger commercial aircraft typically earn more than those on smaller regional planes. In the same way, different airlines have varying pay scales like IndiGo that offer higher salaries (around ₹62.7 LPA on average).
Career Outlook for Pilots in Mumbai, India
The job outlook for pilots is good. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of commercial pilots will grow 13% from 2020 to 2030, much faster than the average for all occupations. This growth is attributed to increasing demand for air travel.
Cost of Pilot Training in India
The cost of pilot training varies depending on the flight school and the type of training you choose. However, you can expect to pay anywhere from 35 lakhs to 46 lakhs for a complete pilot training program.
Conclusion
Becoming a pilot after 12th in India is a challenging yet rewarding journey. It demands dedication, discipline, and financial planning — but the outcome is truly sky-high. With updated DGCA policies, modern training infrastructure, and global airline demand, 2025 - 2026 is one of the best times to start your pilot career.
FAQS
1. What are the eligibility criteria to become a pilot after 12th?
The eligibility criteria to become a pilot after 12th in India are as follows:
You must have passed Class 12 with Physics and Mathematics as compulsory subjects.
You must be an Indian citizen.
You must be at least 17 years old and not more than 30 years old.
You must have a valid Class 2 medical certificate issued by a Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) authorized doctor.
2. What are the different routes to becoming a pilot after 12th?
There are two main routes to becoming a pilot after 12th:
Through a commercial pilot training (CPL) program: This is the most common route to becoming a pilot in India. To enroll in a CPL program, you must meet the eligibility criteria mentioned above and clear an entrance exam conducted by the flying school. The CPL program typically takes 12-18 months to complete.
Through the National Defence Academy (NDA): The NDA is a prestigious tri-service academy that trains cadets for a career in the Indian Armed Forces. To be eligible for the NDA, you must pass Class 12 with Physics and Mathematics as compulsory subjects and clear the NDA entrance exam. After completing the NDA training program, you will be commissioned as a pilot officer in the Indian Air Force.
3. What are the different types of pilot licenses in India?
There are three main types of pilot licenses in India:
Private pilot license (PPL): This license allows you to fly single-engine airplanes for personal or recreational purposes.
Commercial pilot license (CPL): This license allows you to fly airplanes for commercial purposes, such as carrying passengers or cargo.
Airline transport pilot license (ATPL): This license is required to fly airplanes for commercial airlines.
4. What are the job prospects for pilots in India?
The job prospects for pilots in India are good. The Indian aviation industry is growing rapidly, and there is a high demand for qualified pilots. Airline pilots are particularly well-paid, with starting salaries of around ₹3-4 lakhs per month.
5. What are the top flying schools in India?
The top flying schools in India include:
Maverick Aviation - Best Aviation school in Mumbai
Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi (IGRUA)
Bombay Flying Club (BFC)
Rajiv Gandhi Academy of Aviation Technology (RGAAT)
Madhya Pradesh Flying Club (MPFC)
6. How much does it cost to become a pilot in India?
The cost of becoming a pilot in India varies depending on the flying school you choose and the type of training program you opt for. However, you can expect to spend at least ₹35-45 lakhs on your pilot training.
7. What are some tips for becoming a successful pilot in India?
Here are some tips for becoming a successful pilot:
Be passionate about flying.
Be prepared to work hard and study diligently.
Be physically and mentally fit.
Be good at teamwork and communication.
Be able to handle pressure and make quick decisions.
8. What are the physical and medical requirements for becoming a pilot in the IAF?
Strict standards for vision, hearing, and overall physical fitness.
Medical examination to assess mental and physical suitability for flying.
9. What is the training like after selection through NDA?
Selected candidates undergo 3 years of rigorous training at the National Defence Academy, followed by specialized flying training at IAF academies.
10. Is there any age limit for females to join the IAF as pilots?
No, females can apply for both NDA and AFCAT (Flying Branch) through the same age criteria as males.
